Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are usually white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in historic civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The number of varieties has mixed, depending how they are labeled, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as slice blooms so that as ornamental crops in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and artwork, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the mark of tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage light. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may grow as tall as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The seed stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of plants (umbel). The plants, that are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or rarely renewable sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit consists of a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile root base that yank it down further in to the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer months to late winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are fall flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar