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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The amount of types has mixed, depending how they are labeled, scheduled to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the real name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The types are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were created in to the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as lower flowers and since ornamental vegetation in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art work and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the icon of malignancy charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering for an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as tall as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves occur from the bulb. The seed stem bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The bouquets, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or rarely renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blooms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry includes a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.

The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile origins that yank it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are fall flowering.

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