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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are usually white or yellowish (orange or red in garden kinds), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in historic civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The true quantity of species has mixed, depending about how they are labeled, due to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the real name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The types are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were launched into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Narcissi are popular as trim plants so that ornamental vegetation in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art work, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national blossom of Wales and the sign of malignancy charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as high as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The flower stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The bouquets, that are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or rarely inexperienced sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The flowers may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries involves a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die back again and has contractile root base that move it down further in to the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summer to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are fall months flowering.

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