Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in early civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten portions with approximately 50 species. The true volume of types has assorted, depending on how they are classified, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact source of the true name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Today narcissi are popular as trim plants so that as ornamental plant life in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the national blossom of Wales and the symbol of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage light. They regrow in the following 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as tall as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the bulb. The plant stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blooms, which are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or hardly ever inexperienced, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The plants may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry consists of a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and bloom stem die back again and has contractile origins that move it down further into the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summer time to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are autumn flowering.
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