Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten parts with approximately 50 species. The number of types has varied, depending about how they are grouped, due to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is often linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the children of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The varieties are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were released into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Today narcissi are popular as chop blossoms and since ornamental vegetation in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national flower of Wales and the icon of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to a underground storage light. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as high as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The place stem bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of plants (umbel). The flowers, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or seldom green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit includes a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and rose stem die again and has contractile origins that move it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summer season to late winter, flowering in the spring, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.
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