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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellowish (orange or green in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with roughly 50 species. The true variety of types has varied, depending about how they are categorized, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the true name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The species are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were released into the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as trim bouquets and since ornamental plants in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide rose of Wales and the sign of tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the outrageous flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering for an underground storage light. They regrow in the next 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as large as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves occur from the bulb. The vegetable stem bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of flowers (umbel). The flowers, which are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or rarely renewable sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The blossoms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries contains a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.

The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile roots that take it down further in to the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summer to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few varieties are autumn flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

Narcissus Tete a Tete

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