Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in early civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The number of kinds has varied, depending on how they are labeled, anticipated to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The varieties are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as cut flowers as ornamental plant life in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the mark of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light bulb. The herb stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but occasionally a cluster of plants (umbel). The bouquets, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or almost never green sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The blossoms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit includes a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile roots that move it down further into the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to past due winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few species are autumn flowering.
Narciso Díaz de Escovar or Escobar, 1860 1935. Spanish poet
Las nuevas fragancias de Crabtree amp; Evelyn, para ella y para él
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