Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten areas with around 50 species. The amount of kinds has mixed, depending how they are categorized, due to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The varieties are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were presented in to the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Today narcissi are popular as lower bouquets so that ornamental plant life in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the symbol of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as large as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light bulb. The flower stem bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of blooms (umbel). The flowers, that are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or seldom renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The flowers may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit consists of a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb is dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die again and has contractile root base that take it down further in to the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer months to later winter, flowering in the spring, though a few species are fall flowering.
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