Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten parts with approximately 50 species. The true volume of kinds has mixed, depending on how they are classified, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is often associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The varieties are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were released into the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as chop flowers so when ornamental vegetation in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and art work, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the symbol of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the following 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as large as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The herb stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The blooms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or seldom renewable, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The plants may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit contains a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die back again and has contractile origins that yank it down further in to the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer time to late winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few kinds are autumn flowering.
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