File:Narcissus tazetta Canaliculatus05.jpg Wikipedia, the free

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with about 50 species. The true amount of species has mixed, depending about how they are classified, credited to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is often associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The varieties are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop blossoms so when ornamental vegetation in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and artwork, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as icons of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the image of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering with an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as large as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The seed stem usually bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blooms, which are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or rarely renewable sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries contains a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.

The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile origins that pull it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to late winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few species are fall flowering.

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