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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are generally white or yellowish (orange or red in garden types), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in historical civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten areas with around 50 species. The number of species has assorted, depending about how they are categorised, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as trim blooms so that as ornamental vegetation in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the icon of tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as extra tall as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves happen from the bulb. The plant stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of plants (umbel). The blooms, that are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or rarely renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The bouquets may hang down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit involves a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.

The bulb is placed dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back again and has contractile origins that yank it down further into the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from warmer summer months to later winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few species are fall months flowering.

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