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By Gafarshod Selasa, 10 Januari 2017

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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The number of kinds has assorted, depending on how they are labeled, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the true name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The species are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were presented in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on holland. Narcissi are popular as trim flowers so that ornamental crops in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art work and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide flower of Wales and the image of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering with an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following yr from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as high as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The place stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but occasionally a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blooms, that are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or seldom renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit involves a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.

The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile origins that draw it down further into the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few types are fall flowering.

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