Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in historic civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The amount of types has mixed, depending about how they are grouped, anticipated to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of this name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The species are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Today narcissi are popular as lower blossoms so that as ornamental crops in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide rose of Wales and the mark of cancers charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering for an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as extra tall as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The seed stem bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The blossoms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or rarely green sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical formed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit contains a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile roots that take it down further into the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summer time to overdue winter, flowering in the spring, though a few varieties are fall flowering.
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