Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden types), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in early civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten areas with roughly 50 species. The true quantity of varieties has assorted, depending on how they are grouped, thanks to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the real name Narcissus is unknown, but it is associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were launched into the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as trim blossoms as ornamental plants in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in skill and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the national bloom of Wales and the icon of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as high as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves happen from the bulb. The vegetable stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blooms, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or almost never green, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The bouquets may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit consists of a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.
The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile root base that pull it down further in to the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from warmer summer months to later winter, flowering in the spring, though a few kinds are autumn flowering.
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