Narcissus’ Geranium’

By Gafarshod Senin, 16 Januari 2017

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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten parts with approximately 50 species. The amount of varieties has mixed, depending about how they are labeled, anticipated to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise source of the real name Narcissus is unknown, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as cut bouquets and since ornamental crops in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in skill and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the mark of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as tall as 80 cm.

The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light. The seed stem bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The flowers, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or rarely renewable sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The blossoms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb lies dormant following the leaves and bloom stem die back again and has contractile root base that yank it down further in to the soil. The flower stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.

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