Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are usually white or yellowish (orange or green in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten areas with approximately 50 species. The true volume of varieties has mixed, depending about how they are classified, anticipated to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop bouquets so that ornamental plant life in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the symbol of malignancy charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering with an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light bulb. The place stem bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blossoms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or seldom renewable sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry involves a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die again and has contractile root base that yank it down further into the soil. The flower stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summertime to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.
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