Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are generally white or yellowish (orange or red in garden kinds), with either even or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten areas with about 50 species. The amount of species has mixed, depending on how they are labeled, due to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the true name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is often linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as chop blooms and as ornamental vegetation in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as icons of spring. The daffodil is the nationwide bloom of Wales and the symbol of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering for an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as large as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, thin, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light bulb. The flower stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The flowers, that are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or rarely inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The blooms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit contains a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile root base that move it down further in to the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summer time to overdue winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few varieties are fall flowering.
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