Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellowish (orange or green in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The amount of species has mixed, depending on how they are categorised, credited to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The species are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as chop blossoms as ornamental vegetation in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and skill, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national bloom of Wales and the image of cancers charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as large as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light bulb. The place stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blooms, which are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or almost never inexperienced sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The bouquets may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit involves a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.
The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and rose stem die again and has contractile root base that yank it down further in to the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer time to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few types are fall months flowering.
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