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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are usually white or yellowish (orange or green in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The amount of species has mixed, depending about how they are categorized, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of diversity in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as cut bouquets as ornamental crops in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art work and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the icon of tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as large as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the bulb. The flower stem bears a solitary flower, but occasionally a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The flowers, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or seldom renewable sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The plants may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries consists of a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.

The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and bloom stem die back again and has contractile roots that yank it down further in to the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer time to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few species are fall months flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

Symbolizing rebirth and new beginnings, the daffodil, or narcissus

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