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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in historical civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten areas with approximately 50 species. The true number of kinds has assorted, depending about how they are classified, scheduled to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the true name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as trim flowers and since ornamental crops in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and artwork, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the symbol of cancers charities in many countries. The looks of the untamed flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to a underground storage light. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as high as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light bulb. The place stem bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of flowers (umbel). The bouquets, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or almost never renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits consists of a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.

The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and bloom stem die back again and has contractile roots that take it down further in to the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to late winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few species are fall flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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