Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellowish (orange or red in garden types), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in historical civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with approximately 50 species. The true volume of types has varied, depending about how they are labeled, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The types are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Narcissi are popular as slice blossoms as ornamental vegetation in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and skill, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the sign of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering with an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The flower stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but once in a while a cluster of flowers (umbel). The flowers, which can be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or hardly ever green, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The bouquets may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry consists of a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile root base that draw it down further into the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are fall flowering.
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