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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The true range of varieties has assorted, depending how they are categorized, anticipated to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as trim blooms and since ornamental plant life in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art work, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide flower of Wales and the icon of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the next year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may grow as high as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The vegetable stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blooms, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or seldom renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits involves a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.

The bulb is dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back again and has contractile roots that move it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from warmer summer months to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few kinds are autumn flowering.

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