Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The true variety of kinds has mixed, depending on how they are labeled, scheduled to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slash blooms as ornamental crops in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and artwork, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the national bloom of Wales and the mark of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering for an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as large as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The place stem usually bears a solitary rose, but once in a while a cluster of blooms (umbel). The bouquets, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or rarely inexperienced, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The flowers may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit contains a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.
The bulb lies dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile root base that take it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer months to past due winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are autumn flowering.
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