Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten parts with approximately 50 species. The true variety of varieties has assorted, depending how they are grouped, due to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise source of the true name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is often associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The types are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as slash blooms so when ornamental plants in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art work and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the symbol of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as tall as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves happen from the bulb. The herb stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of plants (umbel). The flowers, which are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or almost never inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The blossoms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb is dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile roots that move it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from summer time to past due winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are fall months flowering.
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