Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten portions with approximately 50 species. The true variety of varieties has varied, depending about how they are categorised, credited to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The varieties are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Today narcissi are popular as lower blooms so that ornamental plants in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the image of cancers charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage light. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as high as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The herb stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of plants (umbel). The bouquets, which are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or seldom renewable, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit involves a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile origins that move it down further in to the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few species are fall months flowering.
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