Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in historic civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten areas with approximately 50 species. The amount of types has assorted, depending how they are classified, anticipated to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the children of this name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The varieties are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of variety in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were created into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop blooms so when ornamental plant life in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the national rose of Wales and the symbol of cancers charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as large as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The flower stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but occasionally a cluster of flowers (umbel). The bouquets, which are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or rarely green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The blossoms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit involves a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb is dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile roots that take it down further into the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer season to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few types are fall months flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar