Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with about 50 species. The number of varieties has mixed, depending how they are categorized, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The types are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were created in to the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slash blossoms so when ornamental vegetation in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art work and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the mark of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering with an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as extra tall as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light. The herb stem usually bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of blooms (umbel). The flowers, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or almost never green sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The blooms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits consists of a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile origins that move it down further in to the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from summer time to overdue winter, flowering in the spring, though a few varieties are fall flowering.
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