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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are generally white or yellowish (orange or green in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in historical civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The number of kinds has assorted, depending about how they are labeled, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the real name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of that name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The species are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were released in to the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slash plants so that ornamental vegetation in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the national blossom of Wales and the image of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering for an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as extra tall as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, thin, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The seed stem usually bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of plants (umbel). The bouquets, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or seldom renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit consists of a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.

The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile roots that take it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summertime to past due winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few species are autumn flowering.

Narcissus Pictures