Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden types), with either even or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with approximately 50 species. The true amount of species has assorted, depending about how they are categorised, due to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the true name Narcissus is unknown, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The varieties are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as lower bouquets and since ornamental plants in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national bloom of Wales and the mark of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage light. They regrow in the following 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as large as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light bulb. The flower stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of flowers (umbel). The blooms, which can be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or seldom green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries contains a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and rose stem die back again and has contractile origins that yank it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from warmer summer months to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are autumn flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar