Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden types), with either uniform or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in old civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten parts with approximately 50 species. The number of varieties has mixed, depending on how they are categorised, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the true name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Narcissi are popular as chop blooms so that ornamental plants in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and artwork, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide bloom of Wales and the image of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage light. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as large as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, thin, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The seed stem usually bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The bouquets, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or seldom green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The flowers may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit contains a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile origins that yank it down further into the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from warmer summer months to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are autumn flowering.
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