Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten areas with around 50 species. The true range of varieties has assorted, depending how they are labeled, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is often linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slice bouquets as ornamental plants in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the icon of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may grow as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The place stem bears a solitary rose, but once in a while a cluster of flowers (umbel). The blooms, that are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or rarely green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The plants may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb is dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile root base that yank it down further in to the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from summer time to past due winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are fall months flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar