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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are usually white or yellowish (orange or red in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in historic civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten portions with around 50 species. The true volume of types has mixed, depending how they are categorized, due to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of that name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The varieties are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Today narcissi are popular as slice blossoms and since ornamental plants in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide flower of Wales and the mark of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage light. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as large as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the bulb. The plant stem bears a solitary bloom, but once in a while a cluster of plants (umbel). The plants, which are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or seldom renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The blossoms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries includes a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.

The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile root base that move it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summer months to past due winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are fall flowering.

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