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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellowish (orange or red in garden types), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The true quantity of types has mixed, depending about how they are grouped, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the true name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the children of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The types are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as cut plants so that as ornamental crops in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the mark of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as tall as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, thin, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light bulb. The herb stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The plants, that are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or almost never inexperienced sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The plants may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit involves a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back again and has contractile root base that move it down further in to the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summer to overdue winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are fall months flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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