NARCISSUS AND GOLDMUND by HERMANN HESSE

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with around 50 species. The amount of types has assorted, depending on how they are categorized, due to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise source of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were created into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as slice blooms and since ornamental plants in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the national flower of Wales and the image of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to a underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as large as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The plant stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blossoms, that are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or rarely inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The plants may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit consists of a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.

The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back again and has contractile origins that draw it down further into the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer time to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are fall months flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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Narcissus And Goldmund Characters Narcissus And Goldmund

Narcissus / n ɑr ˈ s ɪ s ə s / is a genus of predominantly spring

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