Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten portions with around 50 species. The amount of varieties has varied, depending on how they are grouped, credited to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise source of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of variety in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as trim blossoms so when ornamental plants in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the symbol of tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as extra tall as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The seed stem bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The flowers, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or hardly ever inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The flowers may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit involves a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile origins that pull it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer to later winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few varieties are fall flowering.
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