Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in early civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with around 50 species. The number of kinds has mixed, depending about how they are categorised, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the true name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled in to the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as lower blossoms so that ornamental plants in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the mark of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following yr from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as tall as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The plant stem usually bears a solitary flower, but once in a while a cluster of blooms (umbel). The flowers, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or seldom green sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blossoms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits consists of a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.
The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die back and has contractile root base that yank it down further in to the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are fall months flowering.
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