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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden types), with either even or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in old civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten portions with around 50 species. The true range of varieties has assorted, depending how they are grouped, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact source of the real name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The varieties are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the European Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were presented in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop bouquets so that ornamental vegetation in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of planting season. The daffodil is the national flower of Wales and the symbol of cancers charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering with an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as high as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light bulb. The plant stem bears a solitary flower, but occasionally a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The flowers, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or almost never green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits consists of a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.

The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile root base that yank it down further in to the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few varieties are autumn flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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