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By Gafarshod Sabtu, 29 Oktober 2016

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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden types), with either uniform or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten areas with approximately 50 species. The true amount of kinds has varied, depending about how they are categorised, thanks to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the true name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the children of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as slash plants so that as ornamental vegetation in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the image of malignancy charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as high as 80 cm.

The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The place stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The flowers, that are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or rarely inexperienced sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The blooms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit involves a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile root base that take it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are fall flowering.

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