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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The number of varieties has varied, depending how they are categorised, due to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the true name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled in to the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slash flowers so when ornamental crops in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as icons of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide flower of Wales and the icon of cancers charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as high as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, thin, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The herb stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blossoms, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or hardly ever green, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit includes a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.

The bulb is placed dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile roots that take it down further in to the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from warmer summer months to late winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

Narcissus Flycatcher Ficedula narcissina Photo © Robin Newlin

Narcissus Flycatcher Ficedula narcissina , Photo © Robin Newlin

Narcissus Flycatcher Ficedula narcissina Narcissus Flycatcher, first

Narcissus Flycatcher Ficedula narcissina narcissina Male