Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in historical civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species. The number of kinds has mixed, depending on how they are labeled, scheduled to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the real name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop blooms so when ornamental crops in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and artwork, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the symbol of cancers charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as tall as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves happen from the bulb. The vegetable stem bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blooms, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or hardly ever inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The bouquets may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb lies dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile roots that draw it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.
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