Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten areas with around 50 species. The number of varieties has varied, depending about how they are classified, due to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the real name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were created into the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as chop blooms so that ornamental plant life in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and fine art, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of spring. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the icon of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as extra tall as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light bulb. The herb stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of plants (umbel). The bouquets, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or almost never inexperienced, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit includes a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb is dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile roots that move it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to late winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are autumn flowering.
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