Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are usually white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with approximately 50 species. The number of varieties has varied, depending on how they are classified, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise source of the name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is often linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of that name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The varieties are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the European Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were created into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as cut bouquets as ornamental crops in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in skill and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the image of cancers charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to a underground storage light. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as large as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the bulb. The herb stem usually bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The flowers, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or rarely renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits contains a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb is placed dormant following the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile roots that draw it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summertime to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few species are fall flowering.
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