Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden kinds), with either even or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten areas with around 50 species. The amount of kinds has assorted, depending how they are labeled, scheduled to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the European Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the later 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop blooms so that as ornamental crops in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the mark of tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as high as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The place stem bears a solitary bloom, but occasionally a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The bouquets, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or hardly ever green, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit contains a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile root base that yank it down further in to the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from warmer summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few species are fall flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar