Paperwhite bulbs sprouting, Narcissus tazetta Flickr Photo Sharing

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten portions with around 50 species. The true volume of kinds has mixed, depending on how they are grouped, credited to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The types are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slash plants and as ornamental vegetation in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national rose of Wales and the image of malignancy charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as high as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light bulb. The vegetable stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of flowers (umbel). The blooms, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or seldom renewable, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The blossoms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits involves a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.

The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile root base that yank it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer season to late winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few varieties are autumn flowering.

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Narcissus tazetta