Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The amount of kinds has varied, depending about how they are labeled, anticipated to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of diversity in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as lower blooms and since ornamental plant life in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and art, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the national bloom of Wales and the icon of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the untamed flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The flower stem usually bears a solitary flower, but once in a while a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The bouquets, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or almost never inexperienced sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The blossoms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries involves a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.
The bulb is dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die again and has contractile roots that yank it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summer time to overdue winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.
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