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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden types), with either even or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in historic civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten sections with roughly 50 species. The true number of types has assorted, depending on how they are labeled, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the real name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as lower bouquets so when ornamental plant life in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and fine art, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the sign of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the outrageous flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage light. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may grow as extra tall as 80 cm.

The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light bulb. The herb stem bears a solitary rose, but sometimes a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The bouquets, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or almost never inexperienced sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry includes a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.

The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and rose stem die again and has contractile roots that pull it down further in to the soil. The flower stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summer months to late winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are autumn flowering.

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