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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden types), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The true variety of kinds has varied, depending about how they are labeled, anticipated to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The varieties are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as cut plants and since ornamental plants in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the national bloom of Wales and the image of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following yr from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as large as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves happen from the bulb. The seed stem bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of blooms (umbel). The plants, that happen to be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or hardly ever inexperienced, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The blooms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.

The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back again and has contractile origins that move it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer time to overdue winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few types are fall months flowering.

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Narcissus Jonquilla Narcissus jonquilla l. 39;flore