Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellowish (orange or red in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in historic civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten areas with approximately 50 species. The true variety of kinds has varied, depending about how they are categorised, credited to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of that name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The varieties are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the European Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as slice bouquets so that as ornamental vegetation in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the mark of tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as high as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light. The seed stem usually bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The bouquets, which are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or hardly ever inexperienced sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical formed corona. The blooms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.
The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile origins that draw it down further in to the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from warmer summer months to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.
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