Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The number of species has mixed, depending on how they are classified, scheduled to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Narcissi are popular as trim bouquets so that ornamental plant life in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the national blossom of Wales and the icon of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the outrageous flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The place stem bears a solitary bloom, but occasionally a cluster of plants (umbel). The blooms, that happen to be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or hardly ever green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries contains a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile origins that move it down further in to the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summer to late winter, flowering in the spring, though a few kinds are fall flowering.
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