Caravaggios Narcissus Painting

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden types), with either uniform or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten parts with approximately 50 species. The true amount of species has assorted, depending how they are categorized, credited to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the true name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Today narcissi are popular as chop flowers so that ornamental vegetation in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the national rose of Wales and the symbol of cancers charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as tall as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, thin, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light bulb. The flower stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blossoms, which can be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or rarely green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The blooms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry involves a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile root base that draw it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summertime to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are fall flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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